• Research Article

    Investigation of Illuminance Levels and the Age-Friendly Application Status of Smart Lighting Systems in Elderly Care Facilities in Jingdezhen

    징더전(景德镇) 노인요양시설의 조도 및 스마트 조명 시스템 고령친화 적용 실태 조사 연구

    Yu Shen, Miryum Chung

    심육, 정미렴

    This study examined age-friendly lighting characteristics and the application of IoT-based smart lighting systems in four representative elderly care facilities in Jingdezhen. … + READ MORE
    This study examined age-friendly lighting characteristics and the application of IoT-based smart lighting systems in four representative elderly care facilities in Jingdezhen. The aim was to clarify how lighting conditions and operational features influence older adults’ subjective experiences. Data were collected through on-site illuminance measurements, spatial observations, questionnaires, and interviews, covering daytime and nighttime illuminance, lighting uniformity, luminaire layout, and system responsiveness. Reliability and validity tests (Cronbach’s α, KMO, Bartlett’s test) confirmed the measurement quality. Results indicate that although daytime illuminance generally met basic requirements, significant differences existed across facilities and spaces. Corridors, corners, and bedrooms and bathrooms in older buildings frequently showed dark spots, abrupt luminance transitions, and insufficient lighting. These conditions corresponded to lower ratings of path recognizability and nighttime walking safety, suggesting that lighting quality depends more on luminance continuity and stability than on average illuminance. Nighttime lighting was the weakest aspect, especially along bedroom-to-bathroom routes, where poor lighting compromised mobility safety. While smart lighting reduced operational burden, response delays and unstable adjustments weakened user trust, leading residents to view the systems as available but unreliable. - COLLAPSE
    25 April 2026
  • Research Article

    Happiness-Enhancing Design Elements and Changes in Residential Well-being within Renovated Small Libraries and Book Cafes in Community Spaces of Public Rental Apartments

    공공임대아파트 커뮤니티 공간의 작은도서관・북카페 개조후 공간에서 느끼는 행복증진 디자인 요소와 주거행복감 변화

    Shao Zheng Bian, Do Yun Kim, Byungsook Choi

    변소정, 김도윤, 최병숙

    This study examines how common spatial design elements influence residents’ happiness driven from community spaces and daily life, focusing on remodeled small … + READ MORE
    This study examines how common spatial design elements influence residents’ happiness driven from community spaces and daily life, focusing on remodeled small libraries and book cafes in apartment complexes. Based on one LH apartment complex, 3D models of these space were created before-and-after views, and their 2D images were produced. A questionnaire survey including these images was conducted, and 175 responses were collected. The results show that happiness from community spaces significantly increased after remodeling with the book cafe showing greater improvement than small libraries. The community sace design elements - such as furniture, color, lighting, and atmosphere - were reported by respondents to correlate higher happiness levels, suggesting that these components indirectly affect their emotional responses. Regression analysis revealed that spatial comfort significantly influenced their happiness from community spaces, while sustainability was a significant factor for their daily life happiness. These results indicate that both functional and emotional aspects of design contribute to residents’ well-being. This study demonstrates that physical improvement, when paired with sustainable management and support for ongoing interactions, can positively affect daily experiences. It recommends that future community space planning and policy incorporate emotional design strategies alongside long-term operational strategies to improve residential quality of life. - COLLAPSE
    25 April 2026
  • Research Article

    A Study on Intention to Use Smart Home Technology among Baby Boomers

    베이비붐 세대의 스마트홈 기술 사용 의도에 관한 연구

    Jiyun Ko, Mira Ahn, Hyun Joo Kwon

    고지윤, 안미라, 권현주

    This study explored variables influencing the intention to use smart home technology among Korean baby boomers (born 1955-1974). Using online survey data … + READ MORE
    This study explored variables influencing the intention to use smart home technology among Korean baby boomers (born 1955-1974). Using online survey data from 600 respondents, the research examined the relationships among perceptions (awareness and attitudes), expectations (health, safety, convenience, leisure, and cost-effectiveness), adoption factors (anticipated timing and willingness to pay), and usage intention. Statistical analyses included t-tests, ANOVA, and Pearson correlations. The results revealed that intention to use smart home technology was positively associated with perceptions and all smart home technology expectation domains, particularly safety, convenience, and health. It was negatively related to perceived anticipated timing and positively associated with willingness to pay. Significant group differences emerged in perceptions, adoption, and intention to use, depending on socio-demographic, health, and housing characteristics. Notably, higher education, greater living expenses, and bigger housing residents were linked to more favorable perceptions, stronger intention to use, and greater willingness to pay. Leisure-related expectations were rated lower, indicating that baby boomers primarily view smart homes as practical tools for managing health and safety for Aging in Place. These findings emphasize the need for targeted strategies that highlight tangible benefits and address diverse user characteristics to effectively promote smart home adoption in this population. - COLLAPSE
    25 April 2026
  • Research Article

    Housing Repair Status and Supporting Measures of Semi-Basement Housing in Seoul - Focusing on In-depth Interview with Housing Repair Operators -

    서울시 반지하주택의 집수리 실태 및 지원방안에 관한 연구 - 시공전문가 대상 심층면접을 중심으로 -

    Soo-Young Shin, Eun-Joo Lee, Suk-Kyung Kim

    신수영, 이은주, 김석경

    This study conducted in-depth interviews with 10 Housing Repair Operators of semi-basement housing units to understand the actual construction and status of … + READ MORE
    This study conducted in-depth interviews with 10 Housing Repair Operators of semi-basement housing units to understand the actual construction and status of semi-basement housing repair work. This allowed us to derive the construction content and scope needed to improve the housing environment and comfort of semi-basement housing, and support measures and policy issues to strengthen the disaster response capacity of semi-basement housing. The main research results include the following four themes: 1) Understanding the specific characteristics of the semi-basement housing environment and residents, 2) Considerations for the housing repair process that reflects the characteristics of semi-basement housing, 3) Limitations and improvements in the housing improvement support programs, 4) Opinions on semi-basement housing certification and the replacement of the occupancy purpose. In conclusion, semi-basement housing requires the understanding of the physical environment and the characteristics of occupants. In addition, semi-basement house repair processes and housing improvement support projects that do not take these special characteristics into account will be less effective. It is thus necessary to distinguish between general old houses and semi-basement houses, to present a construction guideline that takes into account semi-basement housing features, and to readjust the supportive program and cost. - COLLAPSE
    25 April 2026
  • Research Article

    An Analysis of Variations in Visual-Perceptual Design Characteristics of Apartment Building Exteriors

    아파트 외관의 시지각적 디자인 변화 특성 분석

    Sang-Yun Hwang, Suk-Kyung Kim, Soyeon Lee, Soungmin Yu

    황상윤, 김석경, 이소연, 유성민

    This study analyzes the visual-perceptual design characteristics of apartment building exteriors in the Seoul metropolitan area and examines the relationship between exterior … + READ MORE
    This study analyzes the visual-perceptual design characteristics of apartment building exteriors in the Seoul metropolitan area and examines the relationship between exterior design, unit floor plans, and site configuration. Based on a systematic review of prior studies, ten visual-perceptual design elements were identified and structured into three categories: Massing Configuration, Façade Composition, and Detail Elements. Field surveys and floor-plan analyses were conducted to compare high-end and standard-brand apartment buildings. The results show that high-end apartment buildings exhibit diversified Massing Configuration, including complex floor-plan combinations, articulated rooftop structures, and prominent podium and skyline expressions. In terms of Façade Composition, high-end developments employed protruding and open entrances, asymmetric fenestration, and articulated sidewalls, whereas standard-brand apartments predominantly maintained regular and planar compositions. Detail Elements also differed, with high-end apartments incorporating varied materials, tonal color schemes, and textural contrasts, while standard-brand apartments primarily adopted repetitive modules and restrained finishes. Overall, apartment exteriors in Korea have shifted from standardized, efficiency-driven forms to diversified and symbolically expressive visual-perceptual design approaches. These findings contribute baseline knowledge for developing evaluation criteria and design guidelines for apartment building exteriors. - COLLAPSE
    25 April 2026
  • Research Article

    A Case Study on the Spatial and Service Characteristics of Denmark’s Integrated Housing-with-Care Model - The Generation House -

    덴마크 통합돌봄 주거모델의 공간・서비스 특성에 관한 사례연구 - Generationernes Hus를 중심으로 -

    Do-Yeon Kim, Seo Ryeung Ju

    김도연, 주서령

    This study aims to establish a comparative framework for restructuring Korea’s community-based housing-with-care system in the context of a super-aged society by … + READ MORE
    This study aims to establish a comparative framework for restructuring Korea’s community-based housing-with-care system in the context of a super-aged society by analyzing Denmark’s integrated long-term care (LTC) model and its operational mechanisms. Focusing on Generationernes Hus (GH), a multi-generational housing complex in Aarhus, the study examines spatial configuration, service integration, governance structure, and community mechanisms. The findings indicate that Denmark’s housing-with-care system operates not as a single housing type but as a housing care continuum responding to changes in older adults’ functional capacity and care needs. GH functions as a preventive and rehabilitative platform that integrates housing, care services, and community participation, thereby supporting aging in place while minimizing institutionalization. A key institutional feature is the municipality-led coordination system based on visitation, which links housing allocation, home care, nursing, rehabilitation, and daily living support into an integrated care plan. Spatially, the model emphasizes universal design at both unit and community levels, semi-public transitional spaces that encourage social interaction, and strong physical linkages with neighborhood facilities. The study suggests that Korea’s integrated care policy should move toward a continuous housing-care system, strengthen municipality-based care coordination, and develop community-level supply and operation models. - COLLAPSE
    25 April 2026
  • Research Article

    Case Studies for Considering Residential Quality of Semi-Basement Housing - Focusing on Semi-Basement Housing Units in Washington D.C. -

    반지하주택의 거주성능을 고려한 해외사례 분석 - 워싱턴 D.C.의 반지하주택을 중심으로 -

    Eunjoo Lee, Suk-Kyung Kim

    이은주, 김석경

    This study aimed to identify practical strategies to upgrade, rather than eliminate semi-basement dwellings in Korea. It used long-standing English-basements in Washington, … + READ MORE
    This study aimed to identify practical strategies to upgrade, rather than eliminate semi-basement dwellings in Korea. It used long-standing English-basements in Washington, D.C. as reference cases. The research combined literature review on the socio-legal and material development of semi-basement housing in Korea and Anglo-American regions with field surveys and interviewed in three semi-basement units in Washington, D.C. The results indicated two priorities for improving Korean semi-basements: controlling indoor humidity through enhanced air circulation and condensation drainage, and securing at least one additional escape route beyond the main entrance. The study concluded by proposing integrated window–door systems that combine ventilation, security, emergency egress, and condensation management, to be developed and implemented through collaboration among technical experts and policy makers. - COLLAPSE
    25 April 2026
  • Research Article

    Determinants of Aging in Place Intention among Older Adults - Housing Stability and Social Activity Participation -

    고령자의 지역사회 계속거주 의향 결정요인 분석 - 주거 안정성과 사회활동 참여를 중심으로 -

    Do-Yeon Kim

    김도연

    This study examines the determinants of older adults’ intention to aging in place (AIP) using the 2023 Korean Survey of the Elderly … + READ MORE
    This study examines the determinants of older adults’ intention to aging in place (AIP) using the 2023 Korean Survey of the Elderly microdata. A hierarchical binary logistic regression model was employed to analyze the relative effects of socio-demographic characteristics, housing factors, social relationship satisfaction, social activity participation, and community resource use including digital access. The results indicate that housing stability is the most significant predictor of AIP intention. Homeownership and housing satisfaction consistently showed strong positive effects across all models. In contrast, social relationship satisfaction demonstrated a modest but significant positive effect only in the final model. Interestingly, social activity participation, cultural facility use, and smartphone use were negatively associated with AIP intention, suggesting that external engagement and digital accessibility may expand residential mobility rather than reinforce settlement. Overall, AIP intention appears to be primarily grounded in housing stability, with social resources functioning as complementary rather than primary determinants. These findings suggest that housing-centered strategies should form the core foundation of aging-in-place policy. - COLLAPSE
    25 April 2026
  • Research Article

    A Study on Utilizing Housing Stock to Realize Aging in Community - Focusing on the Case of Amsterdam’s Lang Leven ThuisFlat -

    Aging in Community 실현을 위한 공동주택 재고 활용에 관한 연구 - 암스테르담의 Lang Leven ThuisFlat 사례를 중심으로 -

    Seong Wook Lee, Seo Ryeung Ju, Yi-Kyung Hong

    이성욱, 주서령, 홍이경

    Amid rapid population aging, many countries promote Aging in Community (AIC) to support older adults in familiar neighborhoods while maintaining social ties … + READ MORE
    Amid rapid population aging, many countries promote Aging in Community (AIC) to support older adults in familiar neighborhoods while maintaining social ties and limiting avoidable institutionalization. In South Korea, apartments dominate the housing stock and house roughly half of older households, yet evidence on using existing apartment estates as AIC infrastructure remains limited. This study examines Amsterdam’s Lang Leven ThuisFlat (LLTF) as a stock-based housing-care integration model and derives implications for a Korean AIC housing strategy. We review policy documents and relevant studies and conduct a cross-case comparison of three LLTF complexes (Menno Simonszhuis, Flevoflats, and Osdorperhof), focusing on governance and role-sharing, the physical environment and shared spaces, care-welfare-health linkages, and community-neighborhood connections. The findings show that LLTF operates through a “1+3+α” partnership—municipality, housing corporation, care and welfare organizations, and a Thuiscoach—indicating a governance-led AIC complex model beyond physical retrofits. Implementation varies by site in how community spaces are organized, how nursing-home functions are connected, and how resident-led initiatives are institutionalized. Therefore, in South Korea, apartment-estate-based community care should be treated as a fundamental strategy, integrating physical improvements with on-site coordination (including a coordinator role), multi-layered care transitions, and strengthened municipal capacity to design and sustain cross-sector partnerships. - COLLAPSE
    25 April 2026
  • Research Article

    Analysis of Nighttime Operation Characteristics of Restaurant Establishments in Low-Rise Residential Areas of Seoul

    서울시 저층 주거지 외식업 점포의 야간영업 특성 분석

    Yisue Park

    박이수

    While nighttime commercial activities within low-rise residential neighborhoods significantly impact the local living environment, previous research has predominantly concentrated on the spatial … + READ MORE
    While nighttime commercial activities within low-rise residential neighborhoods significantly impact the local living environment, previous research has predominantly concentrated on the spatial distribution and diffusion of commercialization. Consequently, spatial factors explicitly incorporating operating hours remain insufficiently examined. To address this gap, this study investigates the time-dependent spatial characteristics of commercial activities by analyzing 12,020 food and beverage establishments situated in low-rise residential areas of Seoul. Closing times were classified into three temporal categories: daytime, nighttime, and late-night, and a multinomial logistic regression model was employed. The empirical findings reveal that 55.9% of the establishments operate beyond 22:00. In contrast to daytime operations, nighttime activities demonstrated a stronger correlation with micro-scale street attributes within the neighborhood rather than subway accessibility. For the late-night period, the proportion of single-person households and the characteristics of drinking establishments were identified as statistically significant variables. These results indicate that the spatial dynamics of commercial activities diverge considerably depending on the operating time. Nevertheless, as this research relies on cross-sectional data from specific low-rise residential contexts, inherent limitations exist regarding the generalizability of the outcomes and the definitive inference of causality. - COLLAPSE
    25 April 2026